![\"Blog_1710_pix1\"](\"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Blog_1710_pix1.jpg\")
<\/a>What is the effect of increasing pressure?\u00a0 Will it increase or decrease the melting point and\/or the boiling point?\u00a0 The answer is not initially obvious.\u00a0 The answer is dependent on whether the material becomes more dense or less dense at higher temperatures.\u00a0\u00a0 If the material requires more space as it melts, the higher pressure increases the melting point.\u00a0 If the material requires less space as it melts (think water), then higher pressure decreases the melting point.\u00a0 The boiling point typically has an inverse relation with vapor pressure of the liquid and a positive relationship with atmospheric pressure.<\/p>\nThe figure above is an excellent visual representation of the impact of altitude (pressure) on the boiling point of water.\u00a0 Similar graphs could be done for gold or lithium.\u00a0 But how can one visualize the impact of the change in size at the nano realm.\u00a0 Does there need to be another chart for 10nm gold and another for 15nm gold, etc.\u00a0 Or would it be better to have a single pressure point and look at the change in melting point, which is the first figure.\u00a0 Would it then be necessary to have a multitude of curves at various particle sizes?\u00a0 Is it possible to develop a three-dimensional graph that has temperature, pressure, and size as the axes? \u00a0That could be done.<\/p>\n What happens when the other properties of the materials need to be considered.\u00a0 Do the electrical properties change as the material becomes smaller?\u00a0 Yes.\u00a0 Do the magnetic properties change?\u00a0 One could indicate no, but that would not explain the magnetic moment of 13 atoms of silver.\u00a0 Does the ability of the material to interact with other materials change with size?\u00a0 Again, the answer is yes.\u00a0 Can the material change shapes?\u00a0 Certain ones can.\u00a0 The list of differences at the nano realm is very large.<\/p>\n How should this be handled?\u00a0 There is a need to define key characteristics of nanomaterials that have a strong impact on the performance of the materials.\u00a0 (Do we also do this for each of the predominant isotopes?)\u00a0 Initially this effort needs to be established at 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20 nanometers.\u00a0 Below 20nm, it should be done at 2 nanometer intervals.\u00a0 It is a lot of work, but to fully understand and apply the nanomaterials, the information is needed.\u00a0 Each time new characteristics are determined, that data needs to incorporated into the available data.<\/p>\n The objection could be that there is no means of using all the multiple charts that would be developed.\u00a0 The development of an effort like this can apply the rapidly developing field of augmented reality.\u00a0 The ability to flip through various three-dimensional graphs to observe trends is easier if the data can be projected, rotated, and translated.\u00a0\u00a0 Visualization is a powerful tool.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 We need a lot more data on nanomaterials and a means of using the data.<\/p>\n References:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Material properties are \u201cwell\u201d defined.\u00a0 If one goes to a reference source, the various properties of a pure material can be found.\u00a0 For example, the atomic number of [..]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","hentry","category-misc-ramblings","category-nano","post_format-post-format-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/271","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=271"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/271\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":274,"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/271\/revisions\/274"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=271"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=271"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=271"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}<\/a>The figure above [Ref. #2] shows the relationship of the boiling point of water to pressure.\u00a0 (Consequently, the need for pressure cookers at higher altitudes for proper cooking temperatures.)<\/p>\n\n