There is more reporting of \u201cstructured\u201d materials.\u00a0 The terminology employed to define \u201cstructured\u201d overlaps with \u201cmetamaterials\u201d.\u00a0\u00a0 First metamaterials are typically an engineered assembly of various elements that are constructed in specific atomic structure arrangements to create non-natural occurring combinations and structures that provide unique properties.\u00a0 The properties of the structure are created in such a manner as to provide interaction with incoming waves, which can be acoustic or electromagnetic.<\/p>\n
The Institute of Physics has an article on the \u201cHarry Potter invisibility cloak.\u201d\u00a0 [Ref. #1]\u00a0 The explanation is given of how metamaterials can bend electromagnetic radiation (in this case light) around an object. There is a video in Reference #2 that demonstrates the effect of bending light waves.\u00a0 This is an actual bending of the light rays via the material properties.\u00a0 There are other examples on the internet if you search for them.\u00a0 One issue is that the material employed and the structure design are limited to specific frequencies (wavelengths).<\/p>\n
Acoustic metamaterials are materials designed to manipulate acoustic waves (sound waves are in this category).\u00a0 Reference #3 is from Duke University researchers and was among the first if not the first demonstration of cloaking an object from sound.\u00a0 The cloak and the material covered appear to not exist.\u00a0 The structure in this case was accomplished by employing a standard material, plastic, but developing the shape in such a way that the material structure appears to be completely flat.\u00a0 The compensation for the difference in distance are developed by the form of the structure.<\/p>\n
What we are learning in that some of the anticipations about the arrangements of the materials is not something that is always expected.\u00a0 Reference #4 is an article about the atomic structure of an ultrasound material.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lead magnesium niobite, which is employed in ultrasound applications, was found to have the atoms shift along a gradient. (More details are available in reference #4 to explore the actual paper which is refenced.)<\/p>\n
Structured materials previously had been considered the development of materials based on their mechanical properties and not on their electrical, acoustic, optical, or chemical properties.\u00a0 These materials could range from the sub-micron range to centimeters.\u00a0 As work in this area continues to smaller and smaller dimensions, other material properties are also changing.\u00a0 This is opening up a new world of applications.<\/p>\n
There is always new information being published on the internet.\u00a0 A good source of metamaterial information is the Phys Org site [Ref. #5]. \u00a0This field is even more surprising than the development of graphene.\u00a0 Looking at the results of finding new applications for materials with unanticipated properties is always thought provoking.\u00a0 And, if one considers that we have not even approached the application of singular isotopes of materials, it is very difficult to predict what new material properties will be found.\u00a0 The new tools being developed permit a greater understanding of the mechanisms behind the properties.\u00a0 Learning about these will permit applications undreamed of, except maybe for science fiction.<\/p>\n
References:<\/strong><\/p>\n There is more reporting of \u201cstructured\u201d materials.\u00a0 The terminology employed to define \u201cstructured\u201d overlaps with \u201cmetamaterials\u201d.\u00a0\u00a0 First metamaterials are typically an engineered assembly of various elements that are [..]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-297","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-science","category-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=297"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":298,"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297\/revisions\/298"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=297"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=297"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nano-blog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=297"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n